Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and the imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance
By
Juan C. Chacon-Duque,
Kaustubh Adhikari,
Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo,
Javier Mendoza-Revilla,
Victor Acunñ-Alonzo,
Rodrigo Barquera Lozano,
Mirsha Quinto-Sánchez,
Jorge Gómez-Valdés,
Paola Everardo Martínez,
Hugo Villamil-Ramírez,
Tábita Hünemeier,
Virginia Ramallo,
Caio C. Silva de Cerqueira,
Malena Hurtado,
Valeria Villegas,
Vanessa Granja,
Mercedes Villena,
René Vásquez,
Elena Llop,
José R. Sandoval,
Alberto A. Salazar-Granara,
Maria-Laura Parolin,
Karla Sandoval,
Rosenda I. Peñaloza-Espinosa,
Hector Rangel-Villalobos,
Cheryl Winkler,
William Klitz,
Claudio Bravi,
Julio Molina,
Daniel Corach,
Ramiro Barrantes,
Verónica Gomes,
Carlos Resende,
Leonor Gusmão,
Antonio Amorim,
Yali Xue,
Jean-Michel Dugoujon,
Pedro Moral,
Rolando Gonzalez-José,
Lavinia Schuler-Faccini,
Francisco M. Salzano,
Maria-Cátira Bortolini,
Samuel Canizales-Quinteros,
Giovanni Poletti,
Carla Gallo,
Gabriel Bedoya,
Francisco Rothhammer,
David Balding,
Garrett Hellenthal,
Andres Ruiz-Linares
Posted 23 Jan 2018
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/252155
(published DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07748-z)
Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the admixture of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods here we infer the sub-populations involved in admixture for over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of sub-continental ancestry on the physical appearance of these individuals. We find that pre-Columbian Native genetic structure is mirrored in Latin Americans and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that Central Andean ancestry impacts on variation of facial features in Latin Americans, particularly nose morphology, possibly relating to environmental adaptation during the evolution of Native Americans.
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