Single-cell regulatory landscape and disease vulnerability map of adult Macaque cortex
By
Ying Lei,
Mengnan Cheng,
Zihao Li,
Zhenkun Zhuang,
Liang Wu,
Lei Han,
Shang Liu,
Zhihao Huang,
Jingkuan Wei,
Yuzhou Wang,
Zifei Wang,
Liqin Xu,
Taotao Pan,
Jiarui Xie,
Chuanyu Liu,
Giacomo Volpe,
Carl Ward,
Yiwei Lai,
Jiangshan Xu,
Yue Yuan,
Mingyue Wang,
Hao Yu,
Haixi Sun,
Qichao Yu,
Dandan Chen,
Chunqing Wang,
Chi Wai Wong,
Wei Liu,
Liangzhi Xu,
Zhouchun Shang,
Guibo Li,
Kun Ma,
Le Cheng,
Fei Ling,
Tao Tan,
Kai Chen,
Ao Chen,
Bosiljka Tasic,
Michael Dean,
Weizhi Ji,
Huanming Yang,
Ying Gu,
Miguel A. Esteban,
Xun Xu,
Hongkui Zeng,
Longqi Liu,
Yuyu Niu,
Yong Hou,
Shiping Liu
Posted 16 May 2020
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.14.087601
Non-human primates (NHP) provide a unique opportunity to study human neurological diseases, yet detailed characterization of the cell types and transcriptional regulatory features in the NHP brain is lacking. We applied a combinatorial indexing assay, sci-ATAC-seq, as well as single-nuclei RNA-seq, to profile chromatin accessibility in 43,793 single cells and transcriptomics in 11,477 cells, respectively, from prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex and the primary visual cortex of adult cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascularis. Integrative analysis of these two datasets, resolved regulatory elements and transcription factors that specify cell type distinctions, and discovered area-specific diversity in chromatin accessibility and gene expression within excitatory neurons. We also constructed the dynamic landscape of chromatin accessibility and gene expression of oligodendrocyte maturation to characterize adult remyelination. Furthermore, we identified cell type-specific enrichment of differentially spliced gene isoforms and disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our datasets permit integrative exploration of complex regulatory dynamics in macaque brain tissue at single-cell resolution. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
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