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The Genetic History of Northern Europe
By
Alissa Mittnik,
Chuan-Chao Wang,
Saskia Pfrengle,
Mantas Daubaras,
Gunita Zarina,
Fredrik Hallgren,
Raili Allmäe,
Valery Khartanovich,
Vyacheslav Moiseyev,
Anja Furtwängler,
Aida Andrades Valtueña,
Michal Feldman,
Christos Economou,
Markku Oinonen,
Andrejs Vasks,
Mari Tõrv,
Oleg Balanovsky,
David Reich,
Rimantas Jankauskas,
Wolfgang Haak,
Stephan Schiffels,
Johannes Krause
Posted 03 Mar 2017
bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/113241
Recent ancient DNA studies have revealed that the genetic history of modern Europeans was shaped by a series of migration and admixture events between deeply diverged groups. While these events are well described in Central and Southern Europe, genetic evidence from Northern Europe surrounding the Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from 24 ancient North Europeans ranging from ~7,500 to 200 calBCE spanning the transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural lifestyle, as well as the adoption of bronze metallurgy. We show that Scandinavia was settled after the retreat of the glacial ice sheets from a southern and a northern route, and that the first Scandinavian Neolithic farmers derive their ancestry from Anatolia 1000 years earlier than previously demonstrated. The range of Western European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers extended to the east of the Baltic Sea, where these populations persisted without gene-flow from Central European farmers until around 2,900 calBCE when the arrival of steppe pastoralists introduced a major shift in economy and established wide-reaching networks of contact within the Corded Ware Complex.
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